Dry Eye Syndrome and Artificial Tears: Managing Aqueous Layer Deficiencies
The age range of people experiencing dry eye syndrome has significantly broadened recently. This condition, which was previously concentrated in those over 40, is now frequently found in younger adults in their 20s and 30s. The primary reason cited is the sharp increase in smartphone and computer usage, which leads to a significant reduction in blinking frequency when focusing on screens. Additionally, the widespread use of air conditioning and heating systems has dried out indoor air, further accelerating tear evaporation and increasing the number of patients with dry eye surfaces.
Understanding the Various Symptoms
Symptoms of dry eye syndrome vary and differ from person to person.
Common symptoms include:
- Stinging, gritty sensation in the eyes
- Increased eye discharge and foreign body sensation
- Sensitivity to light and blurred vision, potentially causing risks in daily life (work, driving)
- Worsening of symptoms during prolonged monitor use or reading
- Increased severity in dry environments
Recognizing these symptoms early is crucial to avoid missing the point at which artificial tears become necessary.
Functions of Each Tear Layer and Causes of Problems
Tears are not just composed of water; they consist of three layers: the mucin layer, the aqueous layer, and the lipid layer.
Mucin Layer: Allows tears to spread evenly
Aqueous Layer: Provides nutrients and removes waste
Lipid Layer: Acts as a protective barrier to prevent water evaporation
If any of these three layers are compromised, the tear film becomes unstable, leading to dry eye syndrome. Therefore, before choosing artificial tears, it's essential to undergo a tear film test at a clinic to precisely identify which layer is affected. This is the first step in determining the treatment direction.
Proper Use and Precautions for Eye Drops
When the aqueous layer is deficient, artificial tears become the most basic management tool. However, incorrect application can reduce their effectiveness.
Instructions:
- Tilt your head back, gently pull down the lower eyelid, and instill one drop.
- Avoid contact between the container tip and the eye or eyelashes (risk of contamination).
- Single-use products: Use within 12 hours of opening.
- Multi-use products: Use within 1 month of opening.
- Do not share with others: Essential to prevent infection.
Improving Meibomian Gland Function with IPL Laser
If the lipid layer is the problem, artificial tears alone may not be sufficient, and M22 IPL laser treatment at a clinic may be considered.
Procedure: Irradiate the eyelids with light at a wavelength of 590nm.
Effects:
- Melts hardened oils
- Restores meibomian gland function
- Reduces inflammation
- Improves blood circulation
Precautions during the procedure: Use cooling gel and eye shields.
Number of treatments: Usually performed multiple times at 2-4 week intervals.
Temporary redness or swelling may occur after the procedure, but it usually subsides within a day, so there is no need to worry excessively.
The Importance of Lifestyle Management and Regular Check-ups
Preventive care in daily life is essential for modern people who use digital devices extensively.
Recommendations:
- Adopt the habit of looking at an object 20 feet (approximately 6 meters) away for 20 seconds after every 20 minutes of work to reduce eye strain.
- Maintain indoor humidity between 40-60% and adjust lighting to avoid glare.
- If you wear contact lenses, limit their use and always remove them before sleeping.
- Consuming foods rich in omega-3 and vitamin A can help stabilize the tear film.
If left untreated, dry eye syndrome can lead to corneal damage or vision loss. Therefore, if symptoms appear, it is important to visit a clinic immediately for regular check-ups and management.
Source :https://blog.naver.com/iconiconeye/224060169717
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